Fundamentals of Computers

Fundamentals of Computers – इस विषय को कम्पलीट करने के बाद छात्र निम्न टॉपिक्स में स्ट्रोंग हो सकेंगे- कंप्यूटर की मूलभूत अवधारणाओं को छात्रों के ज्ञान के वर्तमान स्तर के साथ जोड़ना। छात्र विभिन्न इनपुट और आउटपुट डिवाइस के बारे में जानेंगे। डिजिटल कंप्यूटर की मूल बातें और विभिन्न स्टोरेज यूनिट को समझें। ऑपरेटिंग सिस्टम, प्रोग्रामिंग भाषा, परिधीय उपकरण, नेटवर्किंग, मल्टीमीडिया और इंटरनेट से परिचित हों विभिन्न प्रकार के सॉफ़्टवेयर को समझें। कंप्यूटर फंडामेंटल या कंप्यूटर आर्गेनाइजेशन में निम्न यूनिट होते है-

Table of Contents

Fundamentals of Computers

Unit 1 – Introduction to Computers

Fundamentals of Computers इस यूनिट में छात्र निम्न टॉपिक को कवर कर सकेंगे –

Computer system characteristics and capabilities.

Computer Hardware and Software, Block Diagram of a Computer.

Different Data Processing, Data, Data Processing System, Storing Data, Processing Data.

Types of Computers: Analogue, Digital, Hybrid

General and Special Purpose Computers.

Generation of Computers.

Unit 2 – Computer Peripherals

Fundamentals of Computers इस यूनिट में छात्र निम्न टॉपिक को कवर कर सकेंगे –

Introduction to Input Devices: Categorizing Input Hardware, Keyboard

Direct Entry – Card Readers

Scanning Devices – O.M.R., Character Readers, Thumb Scanner, MICR, Smart Cards

Voice Input Devices

Pointing Devices – Mouse, Light Pen, Touch Screen

Computer Output: Output Fundamentals Hardcopy Output Devices

Impact Printers, Non-Impact Printers Plotters

Computer output Microfilm/Microfiche (COM) systems

Softcopy Output Devices – Cathode Ray Tube, Flat Screen Technologies, Projectors, Speakers.

Unit 3 – Basic Components and Storage

Fundamentals of Computers इस यूनिट में छात्र निम्न टॉपिक को कवर कर सकेंगे –

Central Processing Unit: The Microprocessor, control unit, A.L.U., Registers. Buses

Main Memory, Main Memory (RAM) for microcomputers, Read Only Memory(ROM).

Storage Devices: Storage Fundamentals, Primary and Secondary Storage,

Data Storage and Retrieval Methods – Sequential, Direct & Indexed Sequential

Tape Storage and Retrieval Methods Tape storage Devices, characteristics and limitations.

Direct access Storage and Microcomputers – Hard Disks, Disk Cartridges.

Direct Access Storage Devices for large Computer systems

Mass storage systems and Optical Disks, CD ROM.

Unit 4 – Computer Software and Languages

Fundamentals of Computers इस यूनिट में छात्र निम्न टॉपिक को कवर कर सकेंगे –

System Software: System software Vs. Application Software, Types of System Software

Introduction and Types of Operating Systems.

Boot Loader. Diagnostic Programs, BIOS, Utility Programs.

Application Software: Microcomputer Software, Interacting with the System

Trends in PC software, Types of Application Software

Difference between Program and Packages.

Computer Languages: Definition, Generations of computer languages.

Types of Languages, Language Processors: Assembler, Interpreter, Compiler.

Unit 5 – Operating System and Linux

Fundamentals of Computers इस यूनिट में छात्र निम्न टॉपिक को कवर कर सकेंगे –

Introduction, Uses of Operating System, Functions of Operating System.

Booting process, Types of Reboot, Booting from different Operating System.

Types of Operating System, DOS (Dos Commands – date, time, md, rd, copy con, del, type, format, chkdsk, dir, cd, cls etc.)

Windows (Windows Concept, Windows Explorer, Windows Accessories- paint, notepad, wordpad, calculator etc.)

Linux Open source Software concept and evolution of Linux

Features of Multi-User Operating System

Structure of Linux Operating System

Security Features of Linux, File System, Directory Structure and related commands.

Linux Editors & editor commmands

Linux commands cd, md, rm, mv, cp, Is, cat, find. grep.

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